Recognize the signs of teething
Teething usually starts around 6 months, but can begin as early as 3 months or as late as 12 months. Common signs include excessive drooling, chewing on hands or toys, swollen or tender gums, fussiness, and disrupted sleep. Some babies also develop a mild rash on the chin or cheeks from drool. However, teething does not cause high fever (over 101°F or 38.3°C), diarrhea, or vomiting – if your baby has these symptoms, contact your pediatrician as they may indicate an illness.
Safe ways to ease gum discomfort
Cold is your best friend. Offer a chilled (not frozen) silicone or rubber teether – the cold numbs sore gums. You can also wet a clean washcloth, wring it out, and chill it in the fridge for 15-20 minutes, then let your baby gnaw on it (supervise closely). For babies who have started solids, chilled cucumber spears or a refrigerated banana (with skin removed) can be soothing, but always watch for choking. Frozen treats can damage delicate gum tissue and should be avoided.
Gentle gum massage can also help. Wash your hands thoroughly, then use a clean finger to gently rub your baby’s gums in circular motions for a minute or two. Some babies love this, others may resist – follow your baby’s cues.
Teething toys and what to look for
Choose teethers made of food-grade silicone, natural rubber, or firm (but not hard) plastic with no small parts that could break off. Avoid liquid-filled teethers (they can leak) and hard plastic that’s too rigid. Textured surfaces, like bumps or ridges, provide extra relief. You can chill many silicone teethers, but never freeze them as they become too hard. Look for easy-to-hold designs, like rings or animal shapes with handles. Always inspect teethers for wear and tear and replace if damaged.
Managing drool and protecting skin
Teething often means a constant stream of drool, which can cause irritation on the chin, neck, and chest. Keep a soft, absorbent bib on your baby and gently pat (don’t rub) the area dry throughout the day. Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly or a barrier cream (like zinc oxide) before sleep to protect the skin. If a rash develops, clean the area with warm water and pat dry, then apply a fragrance-free moisturizer. If the rash persists or looks infected (blisters, oozing), consult your pediatrician.
When to consider pain relief
If your baby is very fussy and not sleeping despite your best efforts, ask your pediatrician about an age-appropriate pain reliever. For infants 6 months and older, acetaminophen (Tylenol) is usually safe; for those over 6 months, ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) may also be an option. Always use the correct weight-based dosage and never give more than recommended. Never apply teething gels or tablets containing benzocaine or lidocaine to infants – they can cause serious side effects and are not recommended by the FDA. Teething also should not cause severe crying or refusal to eat; if your baby seems very unwell, call your doctor.
Teething and feeding
Teething can make breastfeeding or bottle-feeding uncomfortable. Some babies may bite or unlatch frequently. Try offering a chilled teether before a feed to numb the gums. If your baby is eating solids, offer cold, soft foods like yogurt, chilled pureed fruits, or spreadables. Avoid hard foods that could cause choking. Teething should not cause a complete refusal to eat, so if your baby is consistently not eating or shows signs of dehydration (fewer wet diapers, dry mouth), contact your pediatrician.
When to call the pediatrician
Contact your pediatrician if your baby has a fever over 100.4°F (38°C), especially if it’s accompanied by other symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, rash, or unusual lethargy. Also call if your baby seems to be in severe pain, has bleeding gums, or is refusing liquids for more than a few hours. Trust your instincts – you know your baby best. Teething can be a rough milestone, but with patience and these tips, you’ll both get through it.
Key Takeaway
Soothe teething pain with chilled teethers and gentle gum massage, avoid frozen items and numbing gels, and always consult a pediatrician for fever or other concerning symptoms.